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The stomach ends at the pyloric sphincter. On the other side of the sphincter is the small intestine. It has three parts and they are, in order, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Then there is another sphincter called the ileocecal sphincter. This then leads into the first part of the colon called the cecum. It is sometimes referred to as a blind pouch because the entrance into the cecum is from behind. Underneath the cecum is the vermiform appendix, which is most often just called the appendix. Then the next part is the ascending colon which makes a turn to the left at the hepatic flexure and turns into the transverse colon. At the upper left side of the abdomen, the colon makes another change of direction downward at the splenic flexure and is now called the descending colon. The next turn it makes goes deeper into the abdomen and is called the sigmoid flexure which marks the beginning of the sigmoid colon. It then makes a downward turn and becomes the rectum which leads to the anal canal and finally the anus. The anus has two sphincters, the internal anal sphincter which is involuntary, and the external anal sphincter which is under voluntary control.

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