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The theory behind why individuals develop 'psychotic' symptoms is based upon the idea that there are elevated levels of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a molecule that passes messages between neurons. For example, when a nerve impulse arrives at a dopaminergic neuron (also known as a pre-synaptic neuron), dopamine is released from the cell and diffuses through a space between two neurons, called the synaptic cleft. Dopamine then binds to specific dopamine receptors on a different neuron (post-synaptic neuron) producing a specific signal, impulse or effect. Dopamine is then released from its receptors and 're-absorbed' into the pre-synaptic neuron, or degraded by enzymes in the synaptic cleft.
The neuroleptics block dopamine receptors thereby inhibiting the ability of dopamine to attach to these receptors and generate signals. However, unlike the typical neuroleptics, the atypicals merely transiently block the receptors therefore allowing some dopamine to bind to the receptors and generate signals. The atypical neuroleptics are also able to block serotonin receptors located on dopaminergic neurons. When serotonin binds to these receptors it inhibits dopamine release. However as these receptors are blocked by atypical neuroleptics, the dopamine secretion is increased. The transient rather than permanent blocking of dopamine receptors and the blocking of serotonin receptors and subsequent increases in dopamine, it is for these reasons that the atypicals are thought to produce fewer adverse effects than the typical neuroleptics. However, the atypical drugs differ in their 'stickyess' when binding to dopamine receptors and also in the ratio of which dopamine ad serotonin receptors are affected. This may result in some atypicals producing higher levels of specific adverse effects than others. The atypicals may also bind to other receptor types, producing further adverse effects (see side effects of atypicals section).
What else can I help you with?
What are the brain's 3 parts?
Prosencephlon (Forebrain), Mesencephalon (midbrain), and Rhombencephalon (hindbrain). The components of the forebrain include: Cerebral Cortex, Olfactory bulb, Thalamus, and Hypothalamus. The components of the hindbrain includes: Cerebellum, Pons, and Medulla.
How many parts make up the brain?
The human brain has 3 main parts, the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain system.there are 3 main parts,the cortex,the midbrain and the cerebellum and there are 32 other parts but if your reading this,you have to look on another website cause you won't find it on here!
What part of the brain receives input from all other parts of the brain to coordinate movements?
The cerebellum is the part of the brain that receives input from all other parts of the brain to coordinate movements. It plays a crucial role in balance, coordination, and motor control.
What parts of the brain are not used?
It is believed that all parts of the brain have a function, even if it is not fully understood. While certain parts may be less active during specific tasks, there is no definitive evidence to suggest that any part of the brain is completely unused.
What are the 5 major parts of the brain called?
The three main parts of the brain are: - Cerebellum - Cerebrum - Medulla
Which part of the brain does nutrition effect?
Nutrition affects all parts of the body including the main organs. It affects the brain, the heart, and the vascular system.
How does pork effect the brain?
Any effect of pork on the brain.
Not being able to remember what happened at a party could be due to alcohols impact on what parts of the brain?
The initial effect of pleasant comfortable feelings is caused by alcohol's impact on which part of the brain?
What parts of your body does the brain NOT control?
No parts. The brain controls all of it!!
How many parts doses your brain have?
how many parts dose your brain have
Does a roller coaster have a negative or positive effect on the brain?
Negative effect on the brain.
How does a depressant affect the brain function?
They affect GABA, NMDA, opiod, adrenergic, histamine and acetylcholine receptors in your brain. Depressants can effect other parts of your brain aswell, these are just the parts of it that actually cause the depressant effects of the drugs. Alcohol for example effects the GABA, NMDA, acetylcholine and serotonin receptors but it's effect on the serotonin receptor doesn't cause any depressant effect but rather adds to the euphoric effects of alcohol.
What does brain cancer effect in the body?
the brain
Can water effect youre brain?
water can effect your brain by thinking because the brain needs plenty of water to think.
Which part of the human brain Do headaches mostly effect?
Headaches can affect different parts of the brain, but they are commonly associated with the pain-sensitive structures in the head and neck, such as blood vessels, muscles, and nerves. The trigeminal nerve, which provides sensation to the face and parts of the head, is often involved in headache pain perception.
How do drugs effect the body?
They run through your body and affect all different parts for example your brain. This is always caused by whats in the drug.
Can lime stop your period?
No, lime cannot stop your period. Your period is determined by your menstrual cycle, hormonal changes between parts of your brain and parts of your reproductive system - lime cannot effect this.
