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Viroids are plant pathogens that consist of a short stretch (a few hundred nucleobases) of highly complementary, circular, single-stranded RNA wthout the protein coat that is typical for viruses. The smallest discovered is a 220 nucleobase scRNA (small cytoplasmic RNA) associated with the rice yellow mottle sobemovirus (RYMV). In comparison, the genome of the smallest known viruses capable of causing an infection by themselves are around 2 kilobases in size. The human pathogen hepatitis D issimilar to viroids.
A virus is a small infectious agentthat can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea.
What else can I help you with?
Viroids differ from viruses by what?
Viroids differ from viruses in that they are composed of a single-stranded circular RNA without a protein coat, while viruses have genetic material made of DNA or RNA enclosed in a protein coat. Viroids also do not encode proteins, relying on host enzymes for replication, whereas viruses typically encode proteins that contribute to their replication.
Can you see a viroids pathogen in a light microscope?
Viroids are smaller than viruses and cannot be seen using a light microscope as they lack a protein coat. They are typically detected using molecular techniques like PCR.
What is the difference between the flu A and B viruses?
Influenza A and B viruses are both types of flu viruses that can cause similar symptoms like fever, cough, and body aches. The main difference between them is that influenza A viruses can infect both humans and animals, while influenza B viruses mainly infect humans. Additionally, influenza A viruses have different subtypes, such as H1N1 and H3N2, which can cause more severe outbreaks compared to influenza B viruses.
How can you tell the difference between bacteria and viruses?
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can be seen under a microscope, while viruses are smaller and can only be seen using an electron microscope. Bacteria can reproduce on their own, while viruses need to infect a host cell to replicate. Additionally, antibiotics can treat bacterial infections, but not viral infections.
What is the difference between DNA viruses and RNA viruses?
There are several differences for example; most DNA viruses use the DNA polymerases of of the host cell to synthesize new genomes along the templates provided by the viral DNA, in contrast to replicate their genomes, RNA viruses use virally encoded polymerases that can use RNA as a template. RNA viruses usually retain their RNA within capsids, whilst DNA viruses are less "packaged" usually retained within say a head, or a capsomere. The main difference of course, is that DNA viruses contain either a doubled stranded DNA (dsDNA) or a single stranded (ssDNA), and RNA viruses contain dsRNA or ssRNA. There are of course several other differences, but these are the ones I know of.
Describe the 4 kingdoms that comprise the domain prokarya?
The domain Prokarya consists of the kingdoms Bacteria, Archaea, Viruses, and viroids. Bacteria and Archaea are single-celled organisms with prokaryotic cells, while viruses and viroids are acellular infectious particles. Bacteria are diverse and found in various environments, while Archaea are often extremophiles. Viruses and viroids are not considered living organisms and require a host for replication.
How do viroids and prions compare with viruses?
Viroids are small infectious agents consisting of a short, single-stranded RNA molecule, while prions are misfolded proteins without nucleic acid. In contrast, viruses are composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. Viroids and prions lack the ability to replicate independently, unlike viruses which require a host cell for replication.
Viroids differ from viruses by what?
Viroids differ from viruses in that they are composed of a single-stranded circular RNA without a protein coat, while viruses have genetic material made of DNA or RNA enclosed in a protein coat. Viroids also do not encode proteins, relying on host enzymes for replication, whereas viruses typically encode proteins that contribute to their replication.
Difference between virus and antivirus?
Viruses destroy computers,BUT Anti-Viruses destroy viruses.
What kinds of microbes are there?
I) Prions II) Viroids III) Viruses IV) Archaebacteria V) Eubacteria, and VI) The Protists.
Is the smallest living organism?
I think currently the smallest living organisms are thought to be "viroids", which are smaller than viruses. Scientists are still figuring out exactly what viroids are, and do, but they are able to replicate, which means they are life.
Can you see a viroids pathogen in a light microscope?
Viroids are smaller than viruses and cannot be seen using a light microscope as they lack a protein coat. They are typically detected using molecular techniques like PCR.
Which is the smallest virus infecting human beings?
The human rhinovirus, the virus that causes common colds, is the smallest human-infecting virus, with an average diameter of about 30 nanometers. Other viruses such as smallpox are around 10 times larger, at 300 nanometers.
What are 2 non-living pathogens?
Viruses and prions are examples of non-living pathogens. Viruses require host cells to replicate, while prions are misfolded proteins that can cause disease by inducing other proteins to misfold.
What basic structure do viruses share?
Unlike prions and viroids, viruses consist of two or three parts: all viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; all have a protein coat that protects these genes; and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell. Viroids do not have a protein coat and prions contain no RNA or DNA. In short, just say that all viruses have a protein coat and either DNA or RNA.
What is a difference between bacteria and viruses shows that bacteria are living organisms and viruses are not?
Bateria are made of cells APEX~:)
What is a difference between bacteria and viruses that shows that bacteria are living organism and viruses are not?
Bateria are made of cells APEX~:)
