It is seperated by what the animals group is like Reptiles,Amphibians,Mammals,Fish,and Birds. oclusion pads of cartilage.
The vertebrae are connected to each other by ligaments. These strong, fibrous bands of tissue help stabilize the spinal column and allow for movement while providing support and protection to the spinal cord.
The three types of vertebrae are cervical (in the neck region), thoracic (in the chest region), and lumbar (in the lower back region). Each type of vertebra has unique characteristics that provide support and flexibility to the spine.
The reason there are discs of cartilage between the bones in the vertebral column is because it is to cushion the vertebrae from grinding against each other, which is what happens when arthritis/age sets in, causing the discs of cartilage to erode and letting the vertebrae grind against each other/crush the spinal cord, causing pain and/or paralysis
Thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 are unique because they only have one costal facet on each side for articulating with ribs (compared to two on each side in other thoracic vertebrae). They also lack a transverse costal facet on their transverse process.
Each bone in my spine is called one "vertebra". Two or more are called "vertebrae".
The ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae. The thoracic vertebrae also articulate with each other.
Intervertebral disc separates adjacent vertebral bodies.
Without such separation you will not have mobility of the spine. Some times the adjoining vertebrae fuse and create the problem.
So the vertebrae in your spine will not grind agaist each other.
Almost all the joints between vertebrae are movable. The joints between the cervical vertebrae and lumber vertebrae have fairly good movement. Between thoracic vertebrae only you have less movement. But then they do move on each other.
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separates countries or states from each other
Between each vertebrae in the spinal column is an intervertebral disc, which acts as a cushion and shock absorber. The discs allow for flexibility and movement of the spine and help prevent the vertebrae from rubbing against each other.
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separates countries or states from each other
Thoracic vertebrae are attached to a pair of ribs
It is the cut or long line that separates the buttocks cheeks from each other.