Endothermic
An endergonic reaction requires a net input of energy from its surroundings. This is because the energy needed to drive the reaction forward is greater than the energy released during the reaction.
An example of a chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy is photosynthesis. In this process, plants use energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The energy from sunlight is required to drive this reaction and is absorbed by chlorophyll in plant cells.
An endergonic reaction is a reaction in which the change in Gibbs free energy is positive, indicating that the reaction requires an input of energy to proceed. This means that the products of the reaction have more free energy than the reactants.
Photosynthesis is considered an endergonic reaction because it requires energy input from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process is endergonic because it absorbs energy rather than releasing it. In an isolated plant, the plant must obtain this energy from sunlight to drive the photosynthetic reaction.
Catalyst increases the rate of reaction without being consumed by it. In addition, while the catalysts lower the activation energy, it does not change the energies of the original reactants nor products. Rather, the reactant energy and the product energy remain the same and only the activation energy is altered.The key importance of activation energy is that collisions only result in a reaction if the particles collide with enough energy to get the reaction started. This minimum energy required is called the activation energy for the reaction.
This reaction goes to completion because the reactants are fully converted into products, with no remaining reactants left. This is often due to the reaction being energetically favorable, meaning it releases more energy than it requires to proceed.
endothermic
Energy is needed in a reaction to break existing chemical bonds in the reactants and form new bonds to create products. This process requires activation energy to overcome the barriers between reactants and products. Additionally, energy is needed to drive the reaction towards completion and ensure that the reaction proceeds in the desired direction.
An endergonic reaction requires a net input of energy from its surroundings. This is because the energy needed to drive the reaction forward is greater than the energy released during the reaction.
Galvanic cells run spontaneously and do not require any energy to run to completion, but Electrolytic cells require energy to run to completion, and are non-spontaneous.
endothermic
Photosynthesis is the reaction that requires direct energy from sunlight to produce energy carrier molecules like ATP and NADPH in plants.
Any reaction that consumes energy, or has a positive delta(H), is called an endothermic reaction.
exothermic reactions release energy, like a fire, which releases heat ( also endothermic reactions requires and takes/absorbs energy for its reaction like photosynthesis which requires sunlight)
Carbon dioxide is the reaction pf photosynthesis. This takes a lot of energy.
It is the opposite of an exergonic reaction. An energonic reaction would be one where more energy is put into the reaction than what comes out of it (like endothermic), while exergonic has more output energy than input (like exothermic).
Dehydration reaction requires energy because it involves removing water to bond two molecules together. Hydrolysis reaction releases energy as water is added to break a bond between molecules.