Alpha particles (Helium nuclei) as well as any other large radiation by products.
Smaller particles go right through you-> gamma rays, x-rays, etc.
Heat
The environmental factors to which plant cells respond are water, gravity, solar radiation. The response is cell growth, cell death, and in the case of radiation changes in what a cell becomes. Trim a branch end and each cell on the surface is capable of becoming another branch with leaves and seeds.
During the period when living things appeared on Earth, the surface level of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is believed to have been much higher than current levels, because oxygen levels were too low to form an ozone layer. This UV radiation would have damaged living cells that were not protected, suggesting that the earliest life was in warm water around deep-sea volcanic vents. However, some scientists have theorized that a hydrocarbon haze in the atmosphere could have compensated for the lack of upper level absoption, while providing the surface heat necessary for living organisms.
None of those is really a "source" of energy; those are only ways in which energy is transported. Earth gets most of its energy from the Sun, through radiation.
Flagella are long hair-like structures and Cillia are short hair-like structures. They can both help with the movement of the bacteria and cillia could stop foreign material entering the bacteria cell.
The Ozone layer.
It will cool the earth's surface as radiation from the sun is blocked from entering the atmosphere
The Most Energetic Cosmic Rays Are Dangerous Because They Are Ionising Radiation. Fortunately, On Earth We Have Two Very Effective Line Of Defence: The Earths Magnetic Field And Its Atmosphere! x
Yes. Along with the rest of the atmosphere, ozone's unique contribution is in absorbing UV-B which can damage our DNA (and the DNA of all surface dwellering plants and animals alike, land and sea).
A black surface absorbs the heat radiation and a white surface reflects the heat radiation
Tilt factor for beam radiation(Rb) is the the ratio of beam radiation on the surface under consideration and the beam radiation on a horizontal surface.
about 5% of radiation is lost before reaching Earth's surface
the answer is radiation
90% of radiation reaching the surface of the earth is absorbed! and 10% is reflected into space.
Heat rises from the surface of the earth in the form of infra-red radiation.
The solar radiation that reaches the earths surface from the sun is called INSOLATION
Infrared Radiation