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Why DNA has 2 different sizes grooves?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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As the DNA strands wind around each other, they leave gaps between each set of phosphate backbones, revealing the sides of the bases inside. There are two of these grooves twisting around the surface of the double helix: one groove, the major groove, is 22 Ã… wide and the other, the minor groove, is 12 Ã… wide. The narrowness of the minor groove means that the edges of the bases are more accessible in the major groove. As a result, proteins like that can bind to specific sequences in double-stranded DNA usually make contacts to the sides of the bases exposed in the major groove. This situation varies in unusual conformations of DNA within the cell , but the major and minor grooves are always named to reflect the differences in size that would be seen if the DNA is twisted back into the ordinary B form.

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Q: Why DNA has 2 different sizes grooves?
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