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Eukaryotic genes contain all the information required to make the all proteins that all the cells in the organism will need. However, mRNA in cells only copies the region of DNA (gene) that is necessary for that cell. Hence, selectively copying DNA, leaving out junk DNA, the introns, and only copying necessary regions of the DNA, the exons.
Further explanation:
In DNA, there are many genes (segments of DNA). Some of these genes may be useful while others may not be useful. For example, for a cell found in the mouth, the gene that codes for insulin is not necessary, but the gene that codes for amylase is necessary. As the DNA in all of our cells are the same, this results in unnecessary genes known as introns. These introns will not be copied by the mRNA. Only the exons (necessary genes) will be copied.
Thus resulting in a shorter mRNA as compared to DNA.
What else can I help you with?
Which RNA is involved in transcription?
Although miRNA and siRNA both have gene regulation functions, there are subtle differences. MiRNA may be slightly shorter than siRNA (which has 20 to 25 nucleotides). MiRNA is single-stranded, while siRNA is formed from two complementary strands. The two kinds of RNA are encoded slightly differently in the genome. And the mechanism by which they regulate genes is slightly different.MiRNA attaches to a piece of messenger RNA (mRNA) -- which is the master template for building a protein -- in a non-coding part at one end of the molecule. This acts as a signal to prevent translation of the mRNA into a protein. SiRNA, on the other hand, attaches to a coding region of mRNA, and so it physically blocks translation.
What are genes that do not undergo independent assortment called?
Genes that do not undergo independent assortment are linked genes. These genes are located on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together more often than would be expected by chance.
What are the functions of the ribosomes in mitochondria?
The ribosomes in mitochondria have the same functions as ribosomes elsewhere.Mitochondria contain DNA in the form of circular molecules. Along this DNA there are 37 genes, of which 13 hold the code for polypeptide chains that contribute to the synthesis of proteins in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, which is the part of the mitochondrion at which ATP is synthesized.These 13 genes are transcribed just as nuclear genes are in eukaryotic cells, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are translated at mitochondrial ribosomes.The ribosomes are smaller than either prokaryotic or eukaryotic ones, having a sedimentation rate of 55S (Svedberg units) as against 70S for prokaryotic ribosomes and 80S for eukaryotic ones.
How long is the mRNA that codes for the protein with 250 amino acid?
The coding part of the mRNA would be 750 bases long. However, the mRNA would be much longer than this in real life as there would be both a 3 prime and 5 prime untranslated region. The lenght of the untranslated regions varied depending on the protein in question, the organism it is from and even the location in which it is produced in that organism! In summary, it is impossible to answer this question.
Which is more complex chromosome or gene?
Chromosome is more complex than gene. Chromosomes contain multiple genes along with other regulatory elements, while genes are specific sequences of DNA that encode for proteins or RNA molecules. Chromosomes also play a role in organizing and packaging genes within the cell nucleus.
When isolation the gene why is better to obtain its mRNA?
mRNA does not contain introns (the original DNA does). These are sections which do not code for a functional product - such as a protein. Using mRNA you can deduce what the final (protein) product will be. It also allows you to create cDNA - which is used for storage.
Are all RNA translated?
No, not all RNA molecules are translated into proteins. Some RNAs, such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), have roles in the process of translation itself rather than being the templates for protein synthesis. Additionally, some RNA molecules function in processes like gene regulation and serving as enzymes (ribozymes).
Is an exon part of an intron?
No. Those are two different parts of pre-mRNA before the transcription is finished. The intron is the non coded region, and is therefore spliced out of the mRNA. The coding portions of eukaryotic genes are split in to two types of DNA, introns and exons. Only the exons code for the protein itself. The introns often contain control regions and are 'spliced out' in a process known as post-transcriptional modification. It's actually a little more complicated than that in practice, as some genes have exons which they sometimes include in the mRNA that goes for transcription and at other times they won't include those exons, they'll splice them out in the same way as they would an intron. An example of this would be the cartilage structural protein collagen II.
Is it true that you are more than the sum of your genes?
The answer is No you are not more then your genes.
Which RNA is involved in transcription?
Although miRNA and siRNA both have gene regulation functions, there are subtle differences. MiRNA may be slightly shorter than siRNA (which has 20 to 25 nucleotides). MiRNA is single-stranded, while siRNA is formed from two complementary strands. The two kinds of RNA are encoded slightly differently in the genome. And the mechanism by which they regulate genes is slightly different.MiRNA attaches to a piece of messenger RNA (mRNA) -- which is the master template for building a protein -- in a non-coding part at one end of the molecule. This acts as a signal to prevent translation of the mRNA into a protein. SiRNA, on the other hand, attaches to a coding region of mRNA, and so it physically blocks translation.
How do people live longer than 100 years?
they get lucky, usually it has something to do with were they grew up and how healthy they have kept themselves, sometimes it can also be a abnormality in genes
What amino acid wuld be produced of transcrition takes place from a nucleotide with the three-base sequence ATA?
Tyrosine. If ATA is the DNA codon, the mRNA transcription would be UAU (since A pairs with U in RNA rather than T). UAU codes for tyrosine.
Can a single mRNA be more than once?
Idont know
Do plasmids have protein?
Plasmids are sections of DNA that are independent of the main chromosome found in prokaryotes. It does not have any proteins other than the ones associated with replication of the plasmid.
Why is protein different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In prokaryotes, DNA is stored in the cytoplasm. also prokaryotes have no nucleus In prokaryotes, transcription and translation happen at the same time.
What would most likely happen if an error occurred when RNA was receiving coding information?
The tRNA carries the amino acid on it into the ribosome where the amino acid is transferred on to a growing protein chain. If the wrong amino acid is on the tRNA, and the ribosome accepts the tRNA with the error and incorporates the amino acid into the protein at a mRNA codon that matches the tRNA, there will be an error in the protein being synthesized. It may not matter, or it may cause the protein to not be able to carry out its normal function. Conceivably, more than one protein can contain an error depending on what mRNA's are being translated.
Are there more chromosome than genes?
No. Humans have 46 chromosomes " beaded " with about 25,000 genes.
