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Why do Eukaryotic telomeres replicate differently then the rest of the chromosome?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Gaps left at the 5' end of the lagging strand because of the need for a 3' onto which nucleotides can attach
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
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When a chromosome is made of two identical parts are called?
Well in eukaryotic cells each chromosome has a telomere on each end (to prevent it from unraveling), but I'm not 100% certain that these telomeres are identical although they contain very long repetitions of the same nucleotides. But in bacteria the chromosome is ring shaped and is all genes (there are no noncoding sequences, e.g. centromeres, telomeres, introns, pseudogenes, transposons) so there are no identical parts.
Purpose of a telomere?
A telomere is the structure at each end of a chromosome. It consists of an area of highly repeated DNA combined with protein. Its main function is to protect the end of the chromosome.Telomeres are instrumental in enabling the cells to divide and replicate. But as we grow older these tips wear out and shorten much like the shoelace caps. When they get too short, we get diseases and die. The three Nobel Prize winners found this as they were looking for a cure for cancer.
In a diploid cell in which 2n equals 14 how many telomeres are there in each of the follow phases of the cell cycle a. G1 b. G2 c. mitotic prophase d. mitotic telophase?
There are two telomeres for each chromosome, so you need to figure out how many chromosomes there are at each stage and multiply that by two. G1-- growth phase: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres G2-- growth phase after replication in S phase: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic Prophase-- before cell division, nuclear membrane disappears: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic telophase-- nuclei separate: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres
What is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes?
The telomere is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes. You lose a small amount of these telomeres each time the cell divides. Eventually the telomeres be lost as you age. Short chromosomes because of lack telomeres are one reason aging occurs.
Describe the makeup of chromosomes?
Human chromosomes are made up of chromatin, which is DNA wrapped around associated proteins called histones. Each chromosome has a single centromere joining the two chromatids. Telomeres are found at either end of the chromosome. They do not code for RNA, they protect the DNA from degradation during replication.
In eukaryotic cells each chromosome has?
centromere, histone proteins, telomeres
Eukaryotic Chromosome are formed primarily of what two molecules?
Eukaryotic chromosomes are formed primarily of chromatids and telomeres
How are telomeres important for preserving eukaryotic genes?
Telomeres solve the end replication problem by extending the 3' end of the chromosome. Without them, the 3' end can't be replicated since replication is 5' to 3'.
Why is telomeric chromosome unstable?
Actually the genes on a chromosome closest to the telomeres are the most unstable because they can unravel.
When a chromosome is made of two identical parts are called?
Well in eukaryotic cells each chromosome has a telomere on each end (to prevent it from unraveling), but I'm not 100% certain that these telomeres are identical although they contain very long repetitions of the same nucleotides. But in bacteria the chromosome is ring shaped and is all genes (there are no noncoding sequences, e.g. centromeres, telomeres, introns, pseudogenes, transposons) so there are no identical parts.
What is the link between telomeres and aging?
Telomeres shorten with each cellular replication; telomere length is inversely proportional to age. While telomere extension does tend to make cells "young again", telomere extension is problematic for a treatment for age because many kinds of cancer replicate indefinitely due in part to the fact they have overactive telomerase, a protein that extends the telomeres. Until the link between cancer and telomeres is understood, telomere extension therapy will not be feasible.
Purpose of a telomere?
A telomere is the structure at each end of a chromosome. It consists of an area of highly repeated DNA combined with protein. Its main function is to protect the end of the chromosome.Telomeres are instrumental in enabling the cells to divide and replicate. But as we grow older these tips wear out and shorten much like the shoelace caps. When they get too short, we get diseases and die. The three Nobel Prize winners found this as they were looking for a cure for cancer.
In a diploid cell in which 2n equals 14 how many telomeres are there in each of the follow phases of the cell cycle a. G1 b. G2 c. mitotic prophase d. mitotic telophase?
There are two telomeres for each chromosome, so you need to figure out how many chromosomes there are at each stage and multiply that by two. G1-- growth phase: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres G2-- growth phase after replication in S phase: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic Prophase-- before cell division, nuclear membrane disappears: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic telophase-- nuclei separate: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres
What is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes?
The telomere is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes. You lose a small amount of these telomeres each time the cell divides. Eventually the telomeres be lost as you age. Short chromosomes because of lack telomeres are one reason aging occurs.
What are Telomere?
Chromosomes consist of two arms that extend out from a specialized region of DNA , called Centromere. Centromere or primary constriction gives a particular shape to chromosomes due to its position. The chromosome extremities or terminal regions on either side are called telomeres.
What would happen to eukaryotic cells over repeated cell divisions if they didn't have telomeres?
the nucleotides at the terminal ends will be removed due to exonuclease activity of DNase present in the cells of the eukaryotes.and therefore the DNA strand will get shortened.
Is obesity related to telomeres?
Yes. We all begin as 1 cell and as it divides the telomeres become shorter. Larger people have more cells than smaller people and therefore have shorter telomeres.
