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It is a short form for a special type of 19th C stage trap, introduced in the supernatural melodrama The Vampire; or, The Bride of the Isles, 1820, to provide a spectacular disappearance for the Vampire himself in the final moments of the play. The play is an adaptation of a French adaptation of the same year, translated by a non-plussed British historian/playwright, J R Planche. The novel villain (he is remarkably quiet, remorseful, and all his evil happens offstage-- its what you don't see most of the time). is about to seize on Lady Margaret, his affianced bride during the moonlit wedding ceremony. His is struck by 'lightning' mid-stage and disappears, allowing her to escape. He disappears through a trap made out of two spring-loaded wooden panels in the floor. He steps on the released panels and falls through, as on a gallows, down onto a mattress or hay bale in the basement. The trap leaves are locked off again by a bar or sliding panels under the stage floor sections being rammed back in place so that the assembled guests can step on the now solid floor through which 'Ruthven' (pronounced: "Rivven", see Gilbert & Sulliven's Ruddigore musical 'ghost spoof') disappeared.

The term covers two versions, the later one, also used in a vampire play, this time 'Count Dracula', in Peggy Webling's/ John Balderson's stage adaptation, ca 1925. This time they were two scrimmed panels in the library walls/bookcase(?). This involved a lighting effect sequence and a momentary distraction onstage as Dracula presses his way through the solid wall.

See also the final sceen in WS Gilbert's Foggertey's Fairy , a Victorian Back to the Future time play.

The trap is referred to as a 'Vamp' or a 'Dive' trap (as used in the cemetery scene in Llloyd-Webber's Phantom of the Opera.

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How did ghosts appear and disappear on the London stage'?

That depends on what period you are referring to. In Shakespeare's day they rose from a trap door in the floor of the stage. Much later, a devise called a Corsican Trap, from the play The Corsican Brothers combined a trap door with a huge treadmill that allowed the ghost to rise vertically and float horizontally at the same time.


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What is located in the center of the stage and used for special effects like appearing and disappearing actors?

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