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Starch phosphorylase is primarily involved in starch degradation by catalyzing the conversion of starch to glucose. In vivo starch anabolism involves the synthesis of starch molecules from glucose, which is carried out by enzymes like starch synthase and starch branching enzyme. Therefore, starch phosphorylase is not directly involved in the biosynthesis of starch in living systems.

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Why is the disk technique not a perfect indication of how the drug will perform in vivo?

The disk technique may not accurately reflect in vivo drug performance because it only measures the release of drug from the disk in a controlled environment, whereas in vivo conditions can be highly variable and complex. Factors such as metabolism, distribution, and elimination in the body can affect a drug's efficacy and bioavailability, which cannot be fully replicated by the disk technique alone.


What must an in vitro observation be confirmed in vivo?

An in vitro observation should be confirmed in vivo to ensure that the results observed in a laboratory setting using isolated cells or tissues can be replicated in a living organism. This is important to determine the relevance and potential implications of the observation in a complex biological system.


Which describes an in vivo experiment?

An in vivo experiment involves testing on living organisms, such as animals or plants, within their natural environment. This type of experiment allows researchers to observe the effects of interventions or treatments on the whole organism, providing valuable insights into biological processes and potential therapeutic applications.


What factor initiates the coagulation cascade in vivo?

In vivo, the coagulation cascade is initiated by tissue factor (TF) which is exposed to blood following vessel injury. TF forms a complex with factor VIIa, leading to activation of Factor X and subsequent activation of thrombin, resulting in fibrin formation and clot formation.


What are the key differences between in vitro and ex vivo experiments in the context of cellular research?

In vitro experiments are conducted outside of a living organism, typically in a controlled laboratory setting, using isolated cells or tissues. Ex vivo experiments, on the other hand, involve studying cells or tissues that have been removed from a living organism but are still kept alive and functional. The key difference lies in whether the cells are studied in an artificial environment (in vitro) or in a more natural state outside of the organism (ex vivo).