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The reason for the wavelength being the limiting factor for the resolution is because since humans see only in the visible spectrum of light, we are limited to only being able to see objects of a size that is much larger than the wavelength of the light being used to observe them.

So if we could "see" in a different part of the spectrum such as in x-rays or more, we could use regular light microscopes to view finer details.

In other words, the limit occurs because when you are trying to resolve an object that is too small, light reflecting off of 2 points on the surface that are near each other ( the size of the wavelength) can interfere destructively (they cancel each other) and we wouldn't see anything.

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