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Under most circumstances, pigeons breathe through vents in their beaks; however, they can also breathe through their mouths. Air enters and exits the body through the lungs, as with other warmblooded creatures.

Pigeons, like other birds, lack a diaphragm to help their lungs expand and contract, so respiration occurs from pressure changes as air moves in and out of five special air sacs. The cervical and interclavicular air sacs are in the neck; the anterior thoracic is in the chest; the posterior thoracic is behind the anterior thoracic; and the abdominal air sac is in the abdomen.

For more information, see Related Links, below (the illustration is a parrot, but the anatomy is the same).

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13y ago

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