By reducing their bouyancy, through letting seawater into the ballast tanks then sinking to the desired level . When they want to stabilize or rise they use compressed air to blow this ballast water out.
No, hurricanes do not affect submarines operating below the surface. Sea conditions do not affect submarine operations because, in general, they run deep enough to avoid the swell on and near the surface.
Submarines have ballast tanks inside them that can be filled with water to make them sink.
surface
Normal ships are designed to move on the surface of the water. Submarines are designed to be able to submerge and travel under the water's surface, as well as on the surface. When normal ships go down, they stay down. Submarines are able to come back up after they go down. All American submarines are nuclear powered. With the exception of Aircraft carriers, surface ships are powered conventially.
All submarines can sink. Some can return to the surface.
It's about 2.5 miles below the surface of the North Atlantic. That depth is far beyond where a diver can go, but specialized deep-sea submarines can visit the wreck site.
Just like diesel submarines travel underwater, but for much longer periods as the nuclear engine does not consume the oxygen in the air. The older diesel submarines were limited to running on batteries or using a schnorkel to get air for the engines when underwater, so usually they traveled on the surface like regular ships only submerging to prepare for an attack with torpedoes on passing enemy ships. The nuclear submarines can practically travel underwater forever, until they need to be resupplied with food for the crew.
World War I submarines were primarily used to locate and attack surface cargo and warships.
Submarines can see the surface of the ocean with a periscope when they are close to the surface.
Submarines are designed with enough ballast and control systems to allow them to submerge and surface as needed.Surface ships are designed only with enough ballast and control systems to keep them on the surface. While they can sink just as well as submarines can, their ability to re-surface without a salvage operation is non-existent.
They rise to the surface when air is pumped IN. They sink when air is let out
Modern submarines are designed to go much faster submerged. This design also limits their surface speed capability. WW1 and WW2 submarines were not considered true submersibles by today's standards. They were essentially surface vessels that had the capability of limited submerged operations. As such, their design and propulsion made them faster on the surface and much slower underwater. Modern submarines are true submersibles in that their only limitation is that of their crews.