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Submarines primarily use Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio waves for communication while submerged. VLF can penetrate water to a limited extent, allowing submarines to receive messages without surfacing. For more secure and longer-range communication, submarines may also use Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) waves, but these are less common due to their limited data transmission capabilities. When on the surface, submarines can use higher frequency bands, such as HF or VHF, for faster communication.

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1mo ago

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