The internal reflux ratio refers to the amount of liquid that is returned to the distillation column compared to the amount of vapor that is taken off as distillate, while the external reflux ratio is the ratio of the liquid returned to the distillation column to the liquid withdrawn as distillate from the system. A higher internal reflux ratio typically leads to improved separation efficiency, as it increases the contact time between vapor and liquid phases. The external reflux ratio, on the other hand, affects the overall operation of the distillation process and can influence the internal reflux ratio depending on the distillation design and operational conditions. Balancing both ratios is crucial for optimizing the separation process and achieving desired product purity.
Liquidity ratios can change due to various factors, including shifts in a company's operational cash flow, changes in current assets and liabilities, and fluctuations in market conditions. For instance, an increase in short-term debt or a decline in cash and cash equivalents can lead to lower liquidity ratios. Additionally, strategic decisions, such as expanding inventory or investing in long-term assets, can impact liquidity. Economic factors, like interest rate changes or consumer demand, can also influence a company's liquidity position.
The area of a circle is calculated by multiplying pi by r2. Where r = the radius of the circle. IF we use 3.1416 as our value of pi, this means that a circle with a radius of 1 inch has an area of 3.1416 square inches. Rounding this to one decimal place gives us 3.1 square inches. Other radius - area ratios are 2 .......... 12.5665 - rounded = 12.6 3 .......... 28.2744 - rounded = 28.3 4 .......... 50.2656 - rounded = 50.3 5 .......... 78.54 - - - rounded = 78.5 6 ......... 113.0976 - rounded = 113.1 7 ......... 153.9384 - rounded = 153.9 8 ......... 201.0624 - rounded = 201.1 9 ......... 254.4696 - rounded = 254.5 10 ....... 314.16 - - - rounded = 314.2
The internal reflux ratio is the ratio of the liquid returned as reflux to the distillate product inside the column, while the external reflux ratio is the ratio of the liquid refluxed back to the column to the distillate product taken out of the column. These ratios are related as the sum of the internal and external reflux ratios is equal to the total reflux ratio, which can affect the separation efficiency and energy consumption in a distillation column.
we know that, L + D = V external reflux, Ro = L/D internal reflux, Ri = L/V therefor, one can write, Ri = Ro/(1+Ro) -----from NIT, nagpur..(India)
Analyzing financial ratios
ratios r comperisons between 2 numbers
Equivalent ratios are ratios that represent different numbers but the relationship between the numbers is same.
To write equal ratios multiply both terms by the same number or divided both terms. For example, 2/ 9 is a ratio equal ratio will be 4/18. There is no difference between equal ratios and equivalent ratios.
A ratio is a comparison between two values. The values can be integers or fractions (ratios).
composite ratios are those which are compared between atleast two financial statements .
For a financial manager's internal financial analysis, key ratios include liquidity ratios like the current ratio and quick ratio, which assess the company's ability to meet short-term obligations. Profitability ratios, such as the gross profit margin and return on equity, provide insights into operational efficiency and overall financial health. Additionally, leverage ratios, like the debt-to-equity ratio, help evaluate the company's financial structure and risk level. These ratios collectively enable informed decision-making and strategic planning.
proportion
Equivalent ratios are often referred to as "proportional ratios." These are ratios that express the same relationship between two quantities, even though the numbers may differ. For example, the ratios 1:2 and 2:4 are equivalent because they represent the same proportional relationship.
They are different trigonometric ratios!