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The eyes as we know is that part of the body which helps us see. The phenomenon of the working of the eye is very similar to that of a camera. The human visual is system (HVS) is as complicated as the working of a camera.

Whatever we see, is the result of the message sent through the eyes to the brain. The brain interprets the signals sent from eyes to it hence allowing us to see what is in front of us. To understand a camera, human eyes should be understood first. It would be really fascinating to know the similarities and dissimilarities of both the processes.

  • Both the human eye and a camera use something called a lens. In fact, they both use the same type of lens - a converging lens or also known as a convex lens. Converging lenses are like the ones in magnifying glasses.
  • In the camera, the lens focuses the light onto a piece of film. The film has chemicals in it that basically trap the image on it, making it permanent. Instead of film, your eye uses something called a 'retina.' The retina has lots of little tiny things called 'rods' and 'cones' all over it. These are basically tiny antennae that tell your brain about the light that hits them. The rods tell your brain if there's light in a certain spot or not (a bit like a black and white photo) and the cones tell your brain what color the light is.
  • There is one spot on the retina, though, that has no antennae at all. This is the spot where the nerve leaves your eye to go to your brain. At this spot, you can't see anything at all - it's called your 'blind spot.' This is one of the reasons that you have two eyes; what you can't see with one eye you can see with the other. Unlike your eyes, cameras have no blind spot, so they only need to have one lens.
  • The individual components of the eye work in a manner similar to a camera. Each part plays a vital role in providing clear vision. So think of the eye as a camera with the cornea, behaving much like a lens cover. As the eye's main focusing element, the cornea takes widely diverging rays of light and bends them through the pupil, the dark, round opening in the center of the colored iris.
  • The iris and pupil act like the aperture of a camera.
  • The very back of the eye is lined with a layer called the retina which acts very much like the film of the camera.
  • Our eyes, very quickly adapt to the bright light, but in comparison, take a longer time to get adjusted to a dark environment. This is the reason we can't see anything when we enter a dark-room while when we move out of it, it takes very less time to adjust to the bright sun-shine. Though our irises may hurt a little in this process of adaptation to the bright light. But in case of a camera, a photographer has to do the task. The fuzziness of the view has to be removed by adjusting and modifying the light. This is automatically done by retina in case of human eye.
  • An interesting thing that I learned about pupils is that your pupil will also change size depending on what sort of mood you're in. But you sure can't tell the mood of a camera just by looking at it! Is it happy or is it sad? Hard to say.
SHUTTER SPEED

Vision is a continuous process of the human eye. But eye-lids act as shutters which creates a small time gap between two continuous visions. This small time gap is the shutter speed which is adjustable in case of camera but natural in case of human eye. According to researchers, an eye on an average has a shutter speed of around 1/50 of a second. Whereas, shutter-speed of a camera can vary from as less as 1/4000 of a second to as high as 2 seconds. Some cameras may even have an exposure time (shutter speed) of a few hours according to the need of the photographer.

APERTURE

Aperture of the eye or the lens decides the depth of field that is the area which remains in focus. The size of the hole of the aperture allows the required amount of light entering in the eye or the camera which results the focusing of a particular object of the whole view. The aperture of our eye is the black spot in the centre of the eye. It can vary from 1mm in the brightest light to 9mm at the night time. This is why this black spot shrinks when we move out in bright sun-shine and expands when we enter a dark-room.

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