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What is the difference between vessel and drum in chemical engineering or petroleum industry?
I think a vessel is containing a fluid under high pressure whereas a drum contain a fluid with no or low pressure.
What is meant by straight run gasoline?
From the Crude Splitter Column top tray, gasoline in vapor form is condensed in the condenser overhead vessel. The gasoline product from the vessel is sent to the gasoline stripper column. The bottom product of this gasoline stripper column is termed SR Gasoline.
Why the steam inlet at the top and coolant circulation from bottom of the reactor why we can't use the glass lined reactors for alkali reactions?
In the PWR the top houses the steam outlet, not inlet, and coolant flow is applied to the pressure vessel inlet connections. A glass lined vessel would simply not be durable enough for a 40 or hopefully 60 year life. If it started cracking or peeling off, how would it be repaired?
Where does the crude oil go after it has been through the pipes from the offshore oil rig?
It can go via pipeline to an onshore facility for refining or storage, it can go to and FPSO (A floating production, storage and offloading vessel anchored in the vicinity of the oil rigs) where it could be pumped into oil tanker ships, or to a man made island where it is stored and pumped into oil tanker ships. The oil eventually ends up in refineries where fuels, lubricants, plastics, chemical, rubber, and other bi-products are then manufactured.
How are detergent soaps prepared in industries?
There are two distinct types. Soaps are made by reacting long chain fatty acids, often from natural products like animal fats or plant oils, with a strong alkali, usually sodium hydroxide. The reaction is in a 1:1 molar ratio. A typical process would have a stirred reaction vessel containing sodium hydroxide solution and the fatty acid is added slowly at a controlled temperature until the correct pH is reached. The soap is then isolated from the reaction mixture. The phrase detergent is often used for a product made by reacting a tertiary amine or tertiary phosphine with an alkyl halide. These quaternary ammonium salts (or quaternary phosphonium salts) are isolated as concentrated solutions in water. Both soaps and detergents have similar properties in that they act as emulsifiers, binding grease and oil to water in emulsions. The main difference is in pH, soaps are alkaline whereas "quats" are acidic. In industry and commercially, the term detergent is often used to include both soaps and "Quats".
Two substance were made to react in a closed vesselwhich will remain the same before and after the reaction?
If the reactants and products in a chemical reaction exist in the same physical state (solid, liquid, gas) and the total number of atoms of each element remains constant before and after the reaction, the mass of the substances in a closed vessel will be the same. This is known as the law of conservation of mass, which states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is a chemical reaction that's absorbs energy called?
An Endothermic reaction. If you touch the reaction vessel it will feel cool/cold, as it is taking in heat energy. By contract an Exothermic reaction is one that gives out heat. If you touch the reaction vessel it will feel warm/hot as it is liberating heat energy.
What is the difference between vessel and drum in chemical engineering or petroleum industry?
I think a vessel is containing a fluid under high pressure whereas a drum contain a fluid with no or low pressure.
What is a Sealed vessel used for carrying out chemical reactions?
A sealed vessel is used to conduct chemical reactions under controlled conditions. It helps to prevent contamination, regulate temperature and pressure, and maintain a specific environment that is necessary for the reaction to occur efficiently.
What are the signs of an exothermic reaction?
The reaction vessel will warm/hot to the touch. 'Exothermic' ; het coming out. Conversely, if the reaction vessel feels cool/cold to the touch it is Endothermic ; taking in heat from its surroundings.
What is reflux chemistry and how is it used in chemical reactions?
Reflux chemistry is a technique used in chemical reactions where a reaction mixture is heated to boiling and the vapors are condensed and returned back to the reaction vessel. This allows for prolonged heating of the reaction mixture without losing volatile components, leading to more efficient and complete reactions.
What happens when copper vessel is exposed to moist air for a long time give the chemical reaction that takes place?
When a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for a long time, it undergoes a chemical reaction with oxygen and moisture to form copper oxide (CuO) and eventually copper carbonate (CuCO3). Both of these are easily recognizable as a greenish layer of patina that forms on the surface of the copper.
How do you make a chemical reaction last longer?
You can make a chemical reaction last longer by adjusting the concentration of reactants, controlling the temperature, using a catalyst, or providing continuous stirring. Additionally, increasing the surface area of reactants or using a pressure vessel can also help prolong the reaction.
What would happen if the excess acetic anhydride is not removed in the reaction vessel?
If excess acetic anhydride is not removed from the reaction vessel, it can lead to side reactions or undesired byproducts in the final product. It could also affect the purity of the desired compound and make purification more challenging. Additionally, it can pose safety hazards as acetic anhydride is a corrosive and hazardous chemical.
What is a blind ended vessel?
A blind-ended vessel is a vessel that is closed at one end, or has a 'dead end'. They can be found in the lymphatic system, for example.
How do you determine the change in temperature and final temperature of an endothermic reaction?
The amount of heat generated or absorbed in a chemical reaction can be studied using a calorimeter. our chemical reaction) is placed in a well-insulated vessel surrounded by water (surroundings). A thermometer is used to measure the heat transferred to or from the system to the surroundings. The heat that the chemical reaction puts out, or takes up, (qrxn) is simply the moles of the limiting reagent, nlimiting reagent times ΔHrxn. qrxn = nlimiting reagent·ΔH
By decreasing this you can speed up a chemical reaction?
Decreasing the activation energy can speed up a chemical reaction. This can be achieved by increasing temperature, using a catalyst, or altering the reaction conditions to favor the formation of products.
