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Petroleum C3, C4, and C5 refer to the alkanes and alkenes with three, four, and five carbon atoms, respectively. C3 compounds, primarily propane and propylene, are used as fuels and in the production of plastics. C4 compounds include butane and butylene, which serve as fuels and feedstocks for petrochemical processes. C5 compounds, like pentane and isopentane, are utilized in gasoline blending and as solvents in various industrial applications.

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