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Ionic bonds are formed by the attraction of the positively-charged ion to the negatively-charged ion, and the closer they are, the more attractive force. It is just like two magnets of opposite poles, you can slowly bring them together until the attractive force gets strong enough to slam them together.

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Q: Are ionic bonds stronger or weaker if the ions are closer together?
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Covalent bonds are weaker than the hydrogen bonds used to hold water molecules together.?

No, hydrogen bonds are weaker than the covalent O-H bonds.


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