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ATOMS! Everything is made of atoms, the tiny particles that themselves consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. The reason why things are solid is because of the interactions between different atoms and molecules. These forces are usually attractive. For example, there are electrostatic ionic attractions in a slat crystal, such as NaCl. In a metal, the positive metal nuclei are attracted to a sea of delocalised valence (outer) electrons. These metallic bonds are very strong, which is why metals are very hard solids with high melting/boiling points.

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Ambrose Krajcik

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3y ago

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