Yes, because sulfur is a larger atom than oxygen, so can therefore stabilize the conjugate base more effectively. Stability of the conjugate base means increased acidity, ie decreased pH and pKa
Yes! Amines are much better nucleophiles than alcohols. The oxygen-hydrogen bond of alcohols is characterized by a strong induction effect as oxygen is an electronegative atom. Nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen and so is not able to accommodate negative charges. Nitrogen as a nucleophile or base is less stable and therefore more reactive.
Phenols are much more acidic than alcohols. This is indicated in the order of acidity constant:Ka Gernal formulaPHENOLS 10-10 Ar-OHALCOHOLS 10-18 C-OHPhenols are more acidic due to the formation of phenoxide ions & phenoxide ions are stable due to resonance, the negative charge on oxygen is spread throughout the benzene ring & is delocalised. On the other hand no resonance is possible in alkoxide ions derived from alcohol. The negative charge is localised on single oxygen atom.
. Since the pH scale is determined by log it is 10 to the power of 3 more acidic so it's 1000 times more acidic
pH is amplified in logs of 10. For example, a reading of 6 pH is 10 times more acidic than that of 7 and 6 pH is 100 times more acidic than 8 pH. Since 7-3=4, a pH of 3 is 104 or 10,000 times more acidic than a pH of 7.
A pH of 2 is much more acidic than a pH of 6
Primary and secondary alcohols are commonly used in the process and work efficiently with an acid catalyst but tertiary alcohols can also be used in some cases under the right conditions. One the reasons that it is more difficult to use tertiary alcohols is because of the steric hinderance which exists in the molecule so there is too much molecular interaction for a stable compound to form.
100
Yes! Amines are much better nucleophiles than alcohols. The oxygen-hydrogen bond of alcohols is characterized by a strong induction effect as oxygen is an electronegative atom. Nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen and so is not able to accommodate negative charges. Nitrogen as a nucleophile or base is less stable and therefore more reactive.
10 * 10 * 5= 500 times more acidic.===============
Phenols are much more acidic than alcohols. This is indicated in the order of acidity constant:Ka Gernal formulaPHENOLS 10-10 Ar-OHALCOHOLS 10-18 C-OHPhenols are more acidic due to the formation of phenoxide ions & phenoxide ions are stable due to resonance, the negative charge on oxygen is spread throughout the benzene ring & is delocalised. On the other hand no resonance is possible in alkoxide ions derived from alcohol. The negative charge is localised on single oxygen atom.
The ratio is 1:1 000 000.
. Since the pH scale is determined by log it is 10 to the power of 3 more acidic so it's 1000 times more acidic
pH is amplified in logs of 10. For example, a reading of 6 pH is 10 times more acidic than that of 7 and 6 pH is 100 times more acidic than 8 pH. Since 7-3=4, a pH of 3 is 104 or 10,000 times more acidic than a pH of 7.
A pH of 2 is much more acidic than a pH of 6
Chloroform is slightly soluble in water, with low solubility due to differences in polarity. However, chloroform is much more soluble in organic solvents like ether and alcohols.
The pH scale is logarithmic, so a pH of 2 is 100,000 times more acidic than a pH of 8. This means that water with a pH of 2 is significantly more acidic than water with a pH of 8, like stomach acid compared to pool water.
The pH scale help us to determine how much acidic or base there is in the concentration of any objects like lemonade, shapoo, or milk are being measure with it. If the concentration is below 7, then it is acidic. If it is above 7 then it concentration had more base. But if it was exactly on 7 then it is neutral like water. Remember that the more the concentration is farther to the left or right side, then the more acidic ( left-side) or the more base( right-side) it is.