The answer depends on the solid. Most solids do not turn to gas directly to gas, but melt, and then boil at a different temperature. Water does this; ice melts at 0o, and boils at 100o. Some materials go directly from solid to gas, a process called sublimation, two examples being carbon dioxide and iodine. But they do this at very different temperatures.
At the gas/solid phase transition temperature.
It depends on the solid in question. They all have different temperatures and most go into a liquid state first. (Some sublime and go straight into a gas)
the gas condenses to become liquid in the solid container
Depends on the temperature. the natural state is a solid. If you raise the temperature to its boiling state it will become a liquid and a further raise in temp will convert it to a vapor. (gas)
Can be both, depends the temperature, if you cool it a lot it become liquid, at the atmosphere temperature will be a gas !. You can use it to inflate your tires i.e., at this temperature it will be a gas.
Iron can be a solid, liquid, or gas because it is an element and elements can become all the forms of matter
A solid can't transform directly into a plasma. A plasma is an ionized gas, usually at a very high temperature. A solid has to melt then be vaporized into a gas (or in a few cases, sublimate from solid to gas) before it can become a plasma.
the gas condenses to become liquid in the solid container
A liquid or gas become a solid.
Depends on the temperature. the natural state is a solid. If you raise the temperature to its boiling state it will become a liquid and a further raise in temp will convert it to a vapor. (gas)
No, Fluorine is a gas.
Melting point: the temperature at which a solid become a liquid. Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid become a gas.
Can be both, depends the temperature, if you cool it a lot it become liquid, at the atmosphere temperature will be a gas !. You can use it to inflate your tires i.e., at this temperature it will be a gas.
At normal pressure, all elements become gases by the time the temperature reaches 5869K. All but Helium become ordinary solids at the temperature is reduced. So there is nothing peculiar about carbon being a solid and a gas.
Iron can be a solid, liquid, or gas because it is an element and elements can become all the forms of matter
At the triple point for the substance. At that particular temperature and pressure you have solid, liquid and gas existing at the same time, so it will "boil" (become a vapor) and freeze (become a solid) at the same time.
Yes, nitrogen can be liquified. It's a vey common process in fact. That is how it is transported. It is pressurized and stored in an insulated dewar. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen#Liquid_nitrogen By the way, any gas can be liquified if you reduce the temperature or increase the pressure sufficiently!
No, mercury does not become solid in hot temperature and liquid in coolest temperature. But mercury becomes gas or liquid in hot temperature and becomes solid in coolest temperature. Mercury becomes solid after freezing point of -38.72 degrees Celsius. Solid Mercury can become superconductor in reaching of its critical temperature 4.2 K. Mercury is liquid under the room temperature (25 degrees Celsius). Mercury becomes gas after boiling point of 357 degrees Celsius.
A solid can't transform directly into a plasma. A plasma is an ionized gas, usually at a very high temperature. A solid has to melt then be vaporized into a gas (or in a few cases, sublimate from solid to gas) before it can become a plasma.