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Cobalt is a metal element. It is lustrous, silver-gray, hard but brittle, and not found as a free metal, but more generally in various ores. Cobalt as a 'stand-alone' chemical is a by-product of the copper and nickel mining industry.

It is ferromagnetic, i.e. it can be magnetized. And in the chemical Periodic Table it is a transition metal. It is stable in air and not affected by water, but dilute acids can attack it, causing the resulting compounds to become dispersed into soil or water sediments. Cobalt is chemically active in that it readily combines with other elements to form many different compounds. e.g. salts and oxides etc. It is an essential ingredient in a variety of metal alloys, and is an important component of many inks, dies, paints, varnishes, and in ceramics, where it produces a brilliant and permanent blue. Chemical Data:

* Atomic number 27 * Symbol Co * Formula of cobalt/water solution [Co(H2O)6]2+ * Atomic mass/weightof Cobalt 58.9332 g.mol -1 * Mohs hardness 5.0 * Crystal structure hexagonal * Density (Specific gravity) 8.9 g.cm-3 at 20°C * Boiling point 2927 °C * Melting point 1495 °C * Metalic/Magnetic Permeability[i.e. the willingness of the metal to become magnetised] About two thirds that of iron. * Electron Configuration: [Ar]4s23d7 Electrical Data:

* Resistivity 62.4 nΩ·m at 20 °C * Standard potential - 0.28 V ( Co2+/ Co ) ; +1.84 V ( Co3+/ Co2+ ) * Electronegativity 1.88 (Pauling scale) More cobalt facts

There are many isotopes of cobalt, all differing in nuclear but not in chemical properties. Most of the radioactive isotopes of cobalt have a half-life of less than 18 hours, most of which having a half-life of less than 1 second. The isotope Cobalt-60 is used for treatment of cancer, sterilization of medical supplies, and medical testing. But acutely high doses of the gamma radiation from cobalt-60 will cause burns, increased cancer risks and death. Cobalt is a part of Vitamin B12. The normal bodily intake of cobalt is extremely small, but essential for animal (including human) life and health. However, cobalt in higher amounts is considered to be possibly carcinogenic, so exposure to metal fumes and dust should be limited. For more information see 'Related Links' below

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17y ago

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