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Electrons do not travel in pairs. An atomic or molecular orbital can hold a pair of electrons, which is probably what you're thinking of.

The reason for this is that electrons are fermions: two electrons in an atom or molecule cannot have the exact same quantum state. Specifying the orbital uses up 3 of the 4 quantum numbers for describing an electron's quantum state; the last quantum number is the spin angular momentum which can either be +1/2 or -1/2, so two electrons per orbital. After that it's full and no more electrons can go into that orbital.

Note that far from "traveling in pairs", fermions really don't like to be even that close to each other. If there are three orbitals at the same energy level, one electron will go into each before they start to "double up".

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14y ago

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