Does one mole of hydrogen have the same numbers of atoms as one mole of chlorine?

Answer 1

A mole is just a number, like a dozen, but a lot bigger. So the question is like asking "Does a box of a dozen small eggs have the same number of eggs as a box of a dozen jumbo eggs?" (Yes, they both have a dozen, 12, eggs. They both have Avogadro's number of molecules.)

Trick question: a mole is a count of molecules, not atoms. A mole of water would have half again as many ATOMs as a mole of oxygen, since water comes 3 atoms to the molecule, but oxygen as O2 has 2 atoms per molecule. Similarly a dozen breakfasts of 3-egg omelets would have half again as many eggs as a dozen breakfasts of 2 fried eggs.

Answer 2

No, one mole of hydrogen contains 6.022 x 10^23 hydrogen atoms, while one mole of chlorine contains 6.022 x 10^23 chlorine atoms. This is because the mole is a unit used to represent the number of particles (atoms, molecules) in a substance, and it is a fixed value regardless of the element or compound.