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they contain electrons, which are negatively charged and revolve at high speed around the nucleus of an atom. the first shell (the one nearest to the nucleus) can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. the second shell can hold a maximun of 8 electrons. If there any remaining electrons they will go on the third shell. the third shell can hold a maximum of 18 electrons. the shells closest to the nucleus (inner shells) must contain their maximum number of electrons before attempting to fill the energy levels to a higher energy.

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