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Atoms can become ions if one or more of the outer sheell electrons are knocked off by any external energy, say an X-ray, Gamma Ray or simple heat. Hydrogen is H-atom and H2 molecule. When it loses an outer shell electron it becomes H-1, that is a negatively charged ion. In case of Hydrogen, since there is only one electron in the s-shell, hydrogen ion is similar to a hydrogen nucleas. Read " Nature and property of Chemical bonds" by Linus Pauling.

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