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In testing for gold, the equipment you need includes a black stone slab, testing needles of different karats and colors, a bottle of nitric acid, one of aqua regia, and a bottle each of diluted nitric acid and aqua regia.

The first step in the testing procedure is to file a deep notch in the piece. Apply a drop of nitric acid to the notch. A bright green reaction indicates plated gold, while a pinkish cream color indicates gold plate on silver. Ten-karat solid gold will show a slight reaction. Over 10 karat will show little or no reaction.

To find the karat, file a clean spot on the article. Rub this spot on the stone slab, making a distinct mark. Alongside it make a mark that is equally heavy, using a test needle nearest in karat and color to what you suppose the gold to be. Apply acid to both markings at the same time. Use nitric acid to 10 karat and less, and aqua regia for higher karats. If the test needle marking reacts sooner than the other, wipe the stone dry and retest with a higher karat needle. If the reaction is slower, try a lower karat needle. When you have matched the two reactions, you will have determined the karat

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