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How do cells know to divide?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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11y ago

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A cell determines whether to undergo division at what are called checkpoints in the cell cycle. The activity of genes required to undergo the next stage in cell cycle is checked at these checkpoints by factors called cyclins and are aided by Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), a type of enzymes.

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15y ago
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12y ago

Firstly, I want to correct the question, "How do cells divide".

Cells divide by two means;

  • mitosis (diploid) in humans leads to replication and division of the entire cell including genetic matter - 46 chromosomes
  • meoisis (haploid) in human leads to the division of the cell, with each cell conserving only half the genetic matter - 23 chromosomes * in sexual cells - sperm and egg

The actual cellular mechanism involves the replication of the genetic matter, followed by the up regulated growth of cellular structures such as centrioles. Once genetic material has been replicated, spindles are formed and the genetic material is quite literally pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell. Together with the increased cellular structures, two new daughter cells are formed, each consisting of 46 (in human) chromosomes

The process by which these cells receive the stimulus to divide are varied. They can include physiological as well as pathological stimuli;

  • healthy growth factors - as part of general homeostatic body mechanisms, growth and development
  • aberrant growth factors - resulting from cancers and disruption of protein kinase pathways as well as other growth regulatory mechanisms
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11y ago

Growth factors (some substance) sets the division process in motion, then it's a domino effect of chemical interactions and signalling.

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15y ago

How do cells know when to divide

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Q: How do cells know to divide?
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