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How do electronegativity values determine the charge distribution in a polar in a polar covalent bond?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
In a bond if the electronegativity is stonger in an atom then it gains a negative charge and the atom with the weaker electronegativity gains a posotive charge.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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Why does one atom have a negative charge in a polar covalent bond?
Because its electronegativity is higher than adjacent atoms.
Why is hydrogen chloride polar covalent?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a polar covalent molecule because it has a significant difference in electronegativity between the hydrogen and chlorine atoms. Chlorine is more electronegative, meaning it has a stronger attraction for electrons, causing the shared electron pair between hydrogen and chlorine to be unequally shared. As a result, the chlorine atom acquires a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge. This uneven distribution of charge creates a dipole moment, making HCl a polar covalent molecule.
Why is it necessary for there to be a polar covalent bond in order for a hydrogen bond to occur?
A hydrogen bond occurs when a hydrogen atom from one molecule is attracted to an atom (usually oxygen) of another molecule. There is a small positive charge on a hydrogen atoms in many covalent bonds due to H's very low electronegativity. This results from a polar covalent bond. Likewise, there is usually a small negative charge on an oxygen atom in a covalent bond due to O's relatively large electronegativity. This is also the result of a polar covalent bond. The +/- attraction that results from these polar bonds is what a hydrogen bond actually is. In the absence of a polar covalent bond, there will be no residual charge left on either the hydrogen or the oxygen and therefore no hydrogen bonding will occur!
Is there an abrupt change or a gradual change between ionic and covalent bonds?
A gradual change. The most influential factor in bonds being ionic or covalent is electronegativity, which is basically a measurement of an atom's ability to attract electrons to itself. There are many different scales on which electronegativity is measured, but in general: - If there is only a very small difference in the electronegativity values of two atoms, their bond is strongly covalent, because they both are attracting the shared electrons equally. - The larger the difference in electronegativity values between two atoms, the more ionic their bond is, because one atom is attracting all the electrons, giving it a negative charge and the other atom a positive charge. But because electronegativity is a sliding scale, there is a very wide range of values that the difference between two atoms' electronegativity can take. Therefore, you have a scale of bond types, ranging from strongly covalent all the way to strongly ionic.
What does it mean to call a bond?
When someone describes a chemical bond as being a covalent bond, it means that the atoms that are involved in the bond are evenly sharing electrons. Meaning that neither of the atoms has more pull on the shared electron because they have similar electronegativity. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. However, if you have one atom with a strong electronegativity and one with a weak one, you get a Polar Covalent bond this is where the shared electron is pulled toward the stronger atom, resulting in a slightly positive charge on one side of the bond, and a slightly negative charge at the other.
Which kind of electric charge is found on the oxygen atom of a polar water molecule?
A negative charge exists because of the electronegativity of oxygen.
Why does one atom have a negative charge in a polar covalent bond?
Because its electronegativity is higher than adjacent atoms.
What does the term polar compound mean?
A polar covalent bond is a bond between two non-metals with different electronegativities.Only bonds between the same elements are truly nonpolar. The higher the difference in electronegativity
What is bond mean?
When someone describes a chemical bond as being a covalent bond, it means that the atoms that are involved in the bond are evenly sharing electrons. Meaning that neither of the atoms has more pull on the shared electron because they have similar electronegativity. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. However, if you have one atom with a strong electronegativity and one with a weak one, you get a Polar Covalent bond this is where the shared electron is pulled toward the stronger atom, resulting in a slightly positive charge on one side of the bond, and a slightly negative charge at the other.
Why is hydrogen chloride polar covalent?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a polar covalent molecule because it has a significant difference in electronegativity between the hydrogen and chlorine atoms. Chlorine is more electronegative, meaning it has a stronger attraction for electrons, causing the shared electron pair between hydrogen and chlorine to be unequally shared. As a result, the chlorine atom acquires a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge. This uneven distribution of charge creates a dipole moment, making HCl a polar covalent molecule.
Why is it necessary for there to be a polar covalent bond in order for a hydrogen bond to occur?
A hydrogen bond occurs when a hydrogen atom from one molecule is attracted to an atom (usually oxygen) of another molecule. There is a small positive charge on a hydrogen atoms in many covalent bonds due to H's very low electronegativity. This results from a polar covalent bond. Likewise, there is usually a small negative charge on an oxygen atom in a covalent bond due to O's relatively large electronegativity. This is also the result of a polar covalent bond. The +/- attraction that results from these polar bonds is what a hydrogen bond actually is. In the absence of a polar covalent bond, there will be no residual charge left on either the hydrogen or the oxygen and therefore no hydrogen bonding will occur!
Is there an abrupt change or a gradual change between ionic and covalent bonds?
A gradual change. The most influential factor in bonds being ionic or covalent is electronegativity, which is basically a measurement of an atom's ability to attract electrons to itself. There are many different scales on which electronegativity is measured, but in general: - If there is only a very small difference in the electronegativity values of two atoms, their bond is strongly covalent, because they both are attracting the shared electrons equally. - The larger the difference in electronegativity values between two atoms, the more ionic their bond is, because one atom is attracting all the electrons, giving it a negative charge and the other atom a positive charge. But because electronegativity is a sliding scale, there is a very wide range of values that the difference between two atoms' electronegativity can take. Therefore, you have a scale of bond types, ranging from strongly covalent all the way to strongly ionic.
What holds the atoms together in a chemical bond?
electronegativity, and it izzz what makes some covalent bonds polar-because in a molecule, if a n atom has a greater ability to gain electrons than the other atoms in a molecule, the electrons will be pulled closer to that atom, causing there to be a slightly negative charge on that atom. -antdogg
What does it mean to call a bond?
When someone describes a chemical bond as being a covalent bond, it means that the atoms that are involved in the bond are evenly sharing electrons. Meaning that neither of the atoms has more pull on the shared electron because they have similar electronegativity. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. However, if you have one atom with a strong electronegativity and one with a weak one, you get a Polar Covalent bond this is where the shared electron is pulled toward the stronger atom, resulting in a slightly positive charge on one side of the bond, and a slightly negative charge at the other.
How is nonpolar covalent bond different than a polar covalent bond?
Non polar covalent bonds have little or no differences in electronegativity values of the atoms taking place in the bond, thus there is no separation of charge. An example might be Br2 where 2 Br atoms are bonded to each other Br-Br and each carries the same relative charge. A polar covalent bond has atoms with different electronegativity, and thus there will be some separation of charge. An example might be phosphorous trichloride, PCl3 where the Cl is more electronegative than the P and thus pulls electrons making the Cl atoms more negative than the P.
What is the ionic charge of stannic?
+4. Please note that compounds of tin (IV) are generally covalent, tin has an electronegativity of 1.96 so will be generally covalent, and at best borderline covalent /ionic with electronegative elements other other than fluorine. Also Sn4+ would be higlly polarising due to high charge which tips the balance even furter towards covalency.
In terms of the periodic table is there an abrupt or gradual change between ionic and covalent bonds?
A gradual change. The most influential factor in bonds being ionic or Is_there_an_abrupt_change_or_a_gradual_change_between_ionic_and_covalent_bondselectronegativity, which is basically a measurement of an atom's ability to attract electrons to itself. There are many different scales on which electronegativity is measured, but in general:- If there is only a very small difference in the electronegativity values of two atoms, their bond is strongly covalent, because they both are attracting the shared electrons equally.- The larger the difference in electronegativity values between two atoms, the more ionic Is_there_an_abrupt_change_or_a_gradual_change_between_ionic_and_covalent_bondsbond is, because one atom is attracting all the electrons, giving it a negative charge and the other atom a positive charge.But because electronegativity is a sliding scale, there is a very wide range of values that the difference between two atoms' electronegativity can take. Therefore, you have a scale of bond types, ranging from strongly covalent all the way to strongly ionic.See the link for information about electronegativity.
