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Lets look at the molecule 2-butyne. H3C-C=C-CH3. Notice this molecule is symmetrical about a triple bond.

The C-C triple bond in 2-butyne is IR inactive because of the molecule's overall symmetry. For 1-butyne, you would expect to see a weak peak from 2100-2250 (indicative of a C-C triple bond), but you would not expect to see the same for 2-butyne.

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What is the relationship between the IR wave number and the molecular structure of a compound?

The relationship between the IR wave number and the molecular structure of a compound is that different functional groups in a molecule absorb infrared radiation at specific wave numbers, which can be used to identify and analyze the molecular structure of the compound.


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Stretched vibrations in IR spectra typically appear as sharp peaks at higher wavenumbers, often above 1500 cm^-1. These vibrations involve the stretching of bonds without significant deformation or bending. By comparing the peak positions and intensities with reference data or known compounds, one can distinguish stretched vibrations in an IR spectrum.


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The characteristic features of an NH stretch in an infrared (IR) spectrum are a strong and sharp peak typically observed between 3300-3500 cm-1. This peak indicates the presence of a nitrogen-hydrogen bond in the molecule being analyzed.


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Water has strong absorption bands in the IR region, which can interfere with the absorption bands of the sample being analyzed. This background noise can make it difficult to accurately interpret the IR spectrum of the sample. Additionally, water tends to have a broad and featureless absorption band in the typical IR region, making it a poor solvent for IR spectroscopy.


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Polystyrene film is used for IR calibration because it has known peaks and absorbance patterns in the infrared region, making it a reliable reference material for calibrating IR spectrophotometers. Its stable properties and well-defined spectrum help in accurately calibrating the instrument for precise measurements of other samples.

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