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Sodium stearate soap,C^17H^35COO-Na+ , is the sodium salt of a long chain saturated fatty acid called stearic acid,C^17H^35COOH. It has a long alkyl group C^17H^35 and an ionic carboxylate group COO-Na+. Long hydrocarbon part is hydrophobic so it is soluble in oil and grease. The ionic part is hydrophillic so it is soluble in water. When this soap is dissolved in water it forms a colloidal suspension in water in which the soap molecules cluster together to form spherical micelles. In it , soap molecules are arranged radially with hydrocarbon part ends directed towards centre and the ionic part ends directed towards outside. When dirty cloth is immersed in this water the hydrocarbon ends attaches with the oil and grease and ionic part dissolves in water. When the dirty clothes are agitated in soap solution then the oily and greasy particles entrapped by soap molecules gets dispersed in water due to which the soap solution becomes dirty and the clothes becomes clean.

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