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Actinium's atomic number is 89. Thus, it has 89 protons and, to keep it neutral, 89 electrons. Filling in the first 89 electron orbitals gives us an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d10 6p6 4f14 7s2 6d1. When you shorten that to [Rn] 6d1 7s2, it becomes clear that actinium has 3 valence electrons, 1 in the 6d shell and 2 in the 7s shell.

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