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First we need to know the specific heat, C, of gold, which is 0.129 J/g•oC. Then we use the equation q = m x C x (Tf - Ti), where q is the amount of heat energy gained or lost by a substance, m is the mass of sample in grams, Ti is the initial temperature, and Tf is the final temperature. 3.5kg must be converted to grams, which is 3500g.

Solution:

q = 3500g x 0.129 J/g•oC x (67oC - 21oC) = 20769 Joules = 21000 Joules rounded to 2 significant figures.

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Q: How much heat is required to heat a 3.5 kg gold bar fro 21 c to 67 c?
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