the atom
Elements with complete outer shells have a full valence shell of electrons and are stable. This configuration is typically achieved by having eight electrons in the outer shell (known as the octet rule) or two electrons for the first shell. These elements are generally inert or have low reactivity due to their stable electron configuration.
The first electrons to be removed from d-block elements when they form ions are typically the highest energy outermost d electrons. This is because d electrons are generally higher in energy than s electrons and are more shielded by inner electrons. Removing d electrons first allows the resulting ion to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
A complete valence shell typically holds 8 electrons. However, for elements in the first two rows of the periodic table, the valence shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons in the first shell and 8 electrons in the second shell.
The first electron shell, or energy level only holds 2 electrons. It is the smallest and closest energy level to the atom's nucleus. Hydrogen and helium are the only two elements to have electrons in just the first shell.
For hydrogen (atomic number 1), there is 1 electron in the first energy level. For helium (atomic number 2), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level. For lithium (atomic number 3), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 1 electron in the second energy level. For beryllium (atomic number 4), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 2 electrons in the second energy level. For boron (atomic number 5), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 3 electrons in the second energy level.
All elements except hydrogen have two electrons in the first energy level.
Elements with complete outer shells have a full valence shell of electrons and are stable. This configuration is typically achieved by having eight electrons in the outer shell (known as the octet rule) or two electrons for the first shell. These elements are generally inert or have low reactivity due to their stable electron configuration.
The first electrons to be removed from d-block elements when they form ions are typically the highest energy outermost d electrons. This is because d electrons are generally higher in energy than s electrons and are more shielded by inner electrons. Removing d electrons first allows the resulting ion to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
oxygen, sulphur and selenium
A complete valence shell typically holds 8 electrons. However, for elements in the first two rows of the periodic table, the valence shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons in the first shell and 8 electrons in the second shell.
A period is a horizontal row on the periodic table of the elements. There are seven periods on the periodic table. Each period corresponds to the highest energy level that contains electrons. For example, the elements in the first period have electrons in the first energy level, which is the only energy level available; the elements in the second period have their highest energy electrons in the second energy level; the elements in the third period have their highest energy electrons in the third energy level, and so on.
The first energy level contains one s orbital, which can hold up to two electrons.
Two electrons can be housed in the first energy level.
The first electron shell, or energy level only holds 2 electrons. It is the smallest and closest energy level to the atom's nucleus. Hydrogen and helium are the only two elements to have electrons in just the first shell.
The shell model explains the organization of the periodic table. The elements in the first period have electrons in the first shell; the elements in the second period have electrons in the first two shells; the elements in the third period have electrons in the first three shells; and so on.
For hydrogen (atomic number 1), there is 1 electron in the first energy level. For helium (atomic number 2), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level. For lithium (atomic number 3), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 1 electron in the second energy level. For beryllium (atomic number 4), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 2 electrons in the second energy level. For boron (atomic number 5), there are 2 electrons in the first energy level and 3 electrons in the second energy level.
In the second energy level of an atom, there can be a maximum of 8 electrons. Silicon has 14 electrons in total, with 2 in the first energy level and the remaining 12 electrons would be in the second energy level.