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Condensation happens when air is cooled below a temperature called its 'dew point' which is the temperature at which the humidity is 100%.

Air is capable of absorbing more water vapour when it is hotter. Therefore if warm air with water vapour in it is cooled, the humidity rises, until at the dew point the humidity is 100%. If it is cooled further, some of the water vapour appears as liquid water, which we call condensation.

A typical example of condensation is fog, which happens when warm, moist air arrives over cooler ground, and it gives up its water vapour as floating droplets.

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10y ago

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Thermal energy is removed in condensation. As a vapor cools and condenses into a liquid, it releases energy in the form of heat to the surrounding environment.


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