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In case of non-transition elements they are not but in case of Transition elements the 2nd last (in d-block) and 3rd last (in f-block) shell also become involved in chemical bonding.

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What is a inner orbiting electrons called?

Inner orbiting electrons are called core electrons. These are the electrons that are closest to the nucleus and are not involved in bonding or chemical reactions.


How many core electrons does germanium have?

Germanium has 18 core electrons. Core electrons are the inner electrons of an atom that are not involved in chemical bonding.


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Does atoms lend and borrow electrons from inner shells?

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