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Electrons that are not share between atoms. covalent bonds along with pie bonds require two electrons per bond. the two electrons in the bond are shared electrons or bonding electrons.

Atoms such as oxygen and nitrogen have electrons that are not part of a bond. Oxygen is in group VI so it wants to have 6 electrons around it. it gets 2 of its electrons from bonds. the other 4 come from non bonding electrons or two pair of electrons.

Nitrogen is in group V so it only wants 5 electrons. Thus, it has three bonds and one non bonding electron pair.

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16y ago

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