70 protons, 98 neutrons
10 protons, 12 neutrons
1 proton, 3 neutrons
In a covalent bond, two nuclei share electrons to form a stable bond. The nuclei in a covalent bond do not lose their identity or mass. They remain intact within the bond, attracting the shared electrons to keep the bond stable.
In most atoms the protons and neutrons found in the nucleus are held together strongly. The nuclei of these atoms are said to be stable. However, the neutrons and protons in some atoms are not held together as strongly. These nuclei are unstable and will eventually disintegrate, forming other elements. Isotopes that are unstable are said to be radioactive and are called radioactive isotopes or radioisotopes.
A smaller nucleus is generally more stable. Below are some general rules: # (Except for really small nuclei) All stable nuclei contain a number of neutrons that is equal to or greater than the number of protons. # Nuclei with too few or too many neutrons is unstable. # If a nuclei has even numbers of nucleons, it's generally more stable. # Nuclei with "magic numbers" usually tend to be more stable.
70 protons, 98 neutrons
1 proton, 3 neutrons
Stable nuclei have a balanced number of protons and neutrons, while unstable nuclei have an imbalance. Unstable nuclei undergo radioactive decay to become more stable.
10 protons, 12 neutrons
In this analogy, the heads of the pennies could represent stable nuclei, while the tails could represent radioactive nuclei. Stable nuclei do not undergo spontaneous decay, while radioactive nuclei have the potential to decay and emit radiation over time.
Stable nuclei have a balanced number of protons and neutrons, while unstable nuclei have an imbalance, leading to radioactive decay.
Radioactive isotopes are not stable.
Unstable nuclei are most commonly found in radioactive materials, such as uranium and radium. These materials emit radiation as the unstable nuclei undergo radioactive decay in an attempt to become more stable.
Heavy nuclei are most stable when their neutron-to-proton ratio approaches 1. Nuclei with too many or too few neutrons compared to protons will have higher instability. This balance contributes to stability by preventing the repulsion between protons from overpowering the attractive nuclear force.
Most stable nuclei have a roughly equal number of protons and neutrons, which helps to balance the forces that hold the nucleus together. This balance of protons and neutrons helps minimize the nucleus's potential energy, making it more stable.
Of course they are more stable, therefore they formed naturally.
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