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The 3 physical states, or phases, of matter that are normally considered are: solid, liquid, and gas. As well as these, though, there are two additional (and extreme) states or phases of matter: Bose-Einstein condensate and plasma.

Additional Information:

Bose-Einstein condensate: the phase of matter in which atomic motion ceases, can occur when matter (some but not all) achieves a temperature of absolute zero (or very close to it -- within about one billionth of a degree). However, not all substances are capable of achieving this state. Sophisticated lab equipment is required to observe this phase.

Plasma: where the nucleus and its surrounding electrons become de-localized. This can happen only when very large amounts of energy are applied. This phase of matter can be observed by studying the sun, nuclear explosions and collision experiments brought about in particle accelerators. a practical application would be the the cathode ray tube.

New fields of physics have emerged in pursuit of information about these last two extreme phases of matter.

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Related Questions

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Yes the states of matter are a physical property.


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Yes, matter can change states after a physical change. Physical changes involve changes in the arrangement of particles without altering the chemical composition. For example, melting ice (solid to liquid) and boiling water (liquid to gas) are physical changes that involve changes in state.


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