What are the advantages of fluoride?

Answer 1

The value of fluoride-containing toothpaste to dental health is clear: fluoride is a potent chemical that kills microbes on the teeth and strengthens teeth's resistance against cavities.

But fluoride has also several disadvantages that we should keep in mind.

Indeed, a substantial and growing body of peer-reviewed science strongly suggests that ingesting fluoride in tap water does not provide the same dental benefits as applying it directly to the teeth, and may present serious health risks.

Furthermore, children who drink fluoridated water are at increased risk of developing fluorosis, a defect of the permanent teeth resulting in staining and, in severe cases, substantial corrosion of the enamel. According to the Centers for Disease Control, about 30 percent of children who drink fluoridated water have some degree of fluorosis. The National Academy of Sciences has also raised concerns about fluoride exposure and bone fractures in the elderly, skeletal fluorosis, thyroid hormone disruption, and neurotoxicity (including effects on IQ). In addition, there is evidence that fluoridated water is linked to osteosarcoma, an often fatal form of bone cancer, in boys.

To conclude, fluoride exposure should be limited to toothpaste, where it provides the greatest dental benefit and presents the lowest overall health risk.

Source: http://www.ewg.org/EWGFAQ#

Answer 2

Fluoride helps to prevent tooth decay by strengthening tooth enamel and making it more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria. It can also reverse early stages of tooth decay by remineralizing weakened areas on the teeth. Additionally, fluoride is safe and cost-effective when used in appropriate concentrations.