What are the examples of solution and their solute and solvent?

Answer 1

You may think of two main reasons. The first is the fact that water has dipole moments, with a + region close to the Hs and a negative region at the O. It will attract ions, both cations and anions, or other molecules that also have dipole moments. With resepect to molecular species, water will end up "competing" with the the attraction between the molecules that are being dissolved. For example, water dissolves ethanol quite well because the attraction between ethanol molecules is mostly through the OH groups and involve the H-bonding between these molecules. But H2O molecules have OH groups and may also H-bond to other molecules. They will compete and end up "fighting", equal to equal, in the attraction between the ethanol molecules.

With respect to ionic compounds, H2O is also attracted by the cations and the anions. The cations are attracted to the O- region of the water dipole and the anions are attracted by the H+ region of the H2O. This attraction will facilitate the separation of the ions, because now you have lots of molecules attempting to attract the ions. In the end the ions are surrounded by water molecules and said to be "solvated", or better, hydrated in this case, providing great stabilization in the medium.

The second reason, which plays a great role during dissolution of ionic salts is the fact tha water has a very high dielectric constant. The higher the dielectric constant the smaller the force between the charges, and the ions are more easily separated this way.

Saliga

Answer 2

Example : solution of sugar(20%) and water(80%) contains sugar as solute and water as solvent.

Also Solute-salt ; Solvent-water ; salt+water = a solution of salt water.