Built from -glycosidic linkages; form straight chains that bond with adjacent chains.
Oligosaccharides are shorter carbohydrate molecules composed of 3-10 monosaccharide units, while polysaccharides are long chains of more than 10 monosaccharide units. Polysaccharides serve as energy storage or structural compounds, while oligosaccharides can function as signaling molecules or have other biological roles.
Polysaccharides are held together by glycosidic bonds. These covalent bonds form between the sugar molecules (monosaccharides) in a polysaccharide chain, resulting in a linear or branched structure. The type and arrangement of glycosidic bonds determine the properties and function of the polysaccharide.
The differences between amino acids are primarily due to differences in their side chains, also known as R groups. These side chains vary in size, structure, and chemical properties, giving each amino acid its unique characteristics. The side chains influence how the amino acid interacts with other molecules and its role in protein structure and function.
The native structure of a protein refers to its specific three-dimensional shape, which is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the protein. This structure is crucial for the protein to carry out its function effectively. The unique shape of a protein allows it to interact with other molecules in the body, such as enzymes or receptors, in a specific and precise manner. This interaction is essential for the protein to perform its biological role, whether it be catalyzing chemical reactions, transporting molecules, or providing structural support. In essence, the native structure of a protein is essential for its function because it determines how the protein can interact with other molecules in the body.
The alpha 1,6 glycosidic bond in carbohydrate molecules helps to branch out the structure of the molecule, allowing for more complex and diverse shapes to be formed. This bond is important for creating branching points in polysaccharides, which can affect the function and properties of the carbohydrate.
Polysaccharides are mainly used for energy storage because they are big, and are able to shift into sugars if needed.
They function as storage molecules as well as structural molecules. For example: storage- glycogen structural- chitin (hard exoskeleton of ants and other insects)
Oligosaccharides are shorter carbohydrate molecules composed of 3-10 monosaccharide units, while polysaccharides are long chains of more than 10 monosaccharide units. Polysaccharides serve as energy storage or structural compounds, while oligosaccharides can function as signaling molecules or have other biological roles.
Tissues
storing sugar and providing structure
The alpha chain and beta chain in a protein complex differ in their structure and function. The alpha chain typically forms the core of the protein complex, providing stability and structural support. In contrast, the beta chain often plays a role in binding other molecules or ions, contributing to the overall function of the complex. These differences in structure and function allow the alpha and beta chains to work together to perform specific tasks within the protein complex.
It is a strong structure (becuase it is a net of covalently bonded polysaccharides and peptides) which stops the cell it encloses from expanding too much, thus stopping it exploding.
The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron cell.
Polysaccharides are made of many glucose molecules. During digestion these molecules get separated and digested. They are the source of energy and in body they are stored as a polymer of glucose called glycogen.
The C-terminus and N-terminus of a protein are two ends of the protein chain. The C-terminus has a carboxyl group, while the N-terminus has an amino group. These differences in chemical groups affect the overall structure and function of the protein.
The amino terminus of a protein has an amino group, while the carboxyl terminus has a carboxyl group. These groups are located at opposite ends of the protein chain, giving the protein its structure and function.
The structural protein found in all sponges is collagen. It provides support and structure to the sponge's body, allowing it to maintain its shape and function.