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Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are found together in the core of the atom, called the nucleus, which is in the center. The electrons are found moving around the nucleus (at different energy levels) in what is called the electron cloud.
Note that in hydrogen, most all of it is made up of just a lone proton and an electron. There are no neutrons in the most common isotope of hydrogen (1H).

Protons and neutrons, which are called nucleons when they're found in an atomic nucleus, are further made of still smaller subatomic particles called quarks.
See the Related Questions and Web Links below this answer for more information about atoms and their components.
This is a hotly debated topic in science.

All atoms that comprise "matter" (excluding "dark matter" which is outside the scope of this comment) are made up of electrons, neutrons and protons.

Electrons, neutrons and protons are thought to be made up of "quarks" or "leptons"...elementary particles that have distinct mass and charge properties.

A proton is made up of two "up" quarks (with a charge of +2/3) and one "down" quark (with a charge of -1/3) which results in a particle with a charge of +1.

A neutron is made up of two "down" quarks (with a charge of -1/3) and one "up" quark (with a charge of +2/3) which results in a particle with a charge of 0.

An electron is a lepton with a charge of -1.

There are six varieties of quarks (beyond the "up" and "down" quarks, there are "strange", "charm", "top" and "bottom" quarks) and there are six varieties of leptons (Beyond the electron there are "electron neutrino", "Tau", "Tau neutrino", "Muon", and "Muon Neutrino" leptons)

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The electron, the proton and the neutron are the "building blocks" of the atom. Protons have a positive electrical charge (p+), and neutrons which have about the same mass, are electrically neutral, or have no electrical charged (n0). Electrons, which are much less massive than protons - only about 1/1836th as heavy - have a negative electrical charge (e-). All atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons, though most hydrogen (1H1) has just the proton in its nucleus and a lone electron in orbit.

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