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According to the Elmhurst College Virtual Chembook: The oxygen has 6 valence electrons and thus needs 2 more electrons from 2 hydrogen atoms to complete its octet. This then leaves two lone electron pairs that are not bonded to any other atoms. The two hydrogen atoms and the two lone electron pairs are as far apart as possible at nearly 109obond angle. The 2 lone electron pairs exert a little extra repulsion on the two bonding hydrogen atoms to create a slight compression to a 104obond angle.

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