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Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) can be used as solvent to help dissolve water insoluble compounds that have an acidic functional group. NaOH reacts with the acidic functional group and forms a water soluble salt.

For example, consider R-COOH to be a water-insoluble carboxylic acid. When R-COOH is added to the aqueous NaOH, the following reaction occurs:

R-COOH + NaOH(aq) -> R-COO- NA+ + OH- + H3O+

The above reaction produces R-COO- NA+ which is a water soluble salt. This process is sometimes called water solubility by salt formation.

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