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What is metal activated protein?
Protein-to-protein electron transfer (ET) is a critical process in biological chemistry for which fundamental understanding is expected to provide a wealth of applications in biotechnology. Investigations of protein-protein ET systems in reductive activation of artificial cofactors introduced into proteins remains particularly challenging because of the complexity of interactions between the cofactor and the system contributing to ET. In this work, we construct an artificial protein-protein ET system, using heme oxygenase (HO), which is known to catalyze the conversion of heme to biliverdin. HO uses electrons provided from NADPH/cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) through protein-protein complex formation during the enzymatic reaction. We report that a FeIII(Schiff-base), in the place of the active-site heme prosthetic group of HO, can be reduced by NADPH/CPR. The crystal structure of the Fe(10-CH2CH2COOH-Schiff-base)·HO composite indicates the presence of a hydrogen bond between the propionic acid carboxyl group and Arg-177 of HO. Furthermore, the ET rate from NADPH/CPR to the composite is 3.5-fold faster than that of Fe(Schiff-base)·HO, although the redox potential of Fe(10-CH2CH2COOH-Schiff-base)·HO (−79 mV vs. NHE) is lower than that of Fe(Schiff-base)·HO (+15 mV vs. NHE), where NHE is normal hydrogen electrode. This work describes a synthetic metal complex activated by means of a protein-protein ET system, which has not previously been reported. Moreover, the result suggests the importance of the hydrogen bond for the ET reaction of HO. Our Fe(Schiff-base)·HO composite model system may provide insights with regard to design of ET biosystems for sensors, catalysts, and electronics devices.
What is oxidation number stand for?
Oxidation number is usually taken to be the notional charge of an atom following a predetermined set of rules to assign electrons. As such it is an electron counting formalism. Wikipedia has a confusing write up which has been ultimately caused by IUPAC who have contradictory definitions in their naming and gold book documentation. The rules in wikipedia are a commonly applied set- although some chemists adhere to different rules that assign electrons to the most electronegative atom- it depends where you were taught. In coordination chemistry, the oxidation number of a central atom in a coordination compound is the charge that it would have if all the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared with the central atom. The oxidation number (previously called the Stock number, is used in the nomenclature of inorganic compounds. It is represented by a Roman numeral. The oxidation number is placed either as a right superscript to the element symbol, for example FeIII, or in parentheses after the name of the element, iron(III): in the latter case, there is no space between the element name and the oxidation number. Check the related source for more information.
How do you balance the folowing equation Fe H20 --Fe3O4 H2?
Fe3O4 is the mineral magnetite, with aproper chemical name of Fe(II, III) oxide. it exhibits ferrimagnetism. It has iron atoms as FeII and FeIII. An old way of writing it was FeO.Fe2O3 The balanced equation for production from the elements is :- 3Fe + 2O2 -> Fe3O4 Commercially it is made by for example redung Fe2O3 with CO 3Fe2O3 + CO = 2Fe3O4 +CO2
How many valence electrons does Fe have?
Let's start by looking up iron's atomic number on a periodic table. We see that this value is 26, thus iron has 26 protons and 26 electrons. It's complete electron configuration must therefore be 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6. Figuring out the number of valence electrons from this can be tricky, so the next step is to put this into a shorter electron configuration notation; [Ar] 3d6 4s2. This works since argon's electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6. Now we can clearly see that iron has 8 valence electrons, two in the 4s orbital and 6 in the 3d orbital.
What is the oxidation number for elements?
The oxidation number of O in any elemental form (e.g. O2, O3) is zero. Typically in chemical compounds the oxidation number of O is -2 (oxide ion)
