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What is the chemical formula of detergent from soda ash and Alkyl benzene sulphonic acid?
The chemical formula of detergent made from soda ash (sodium carbonate) and alkyl benzene sulfonic acid typically involves a combination of these two components to form a surfactant molecule. The exact formula would depend on the specific alkyl chain length and structure of the alkyl benzene sulfonic acid used in the synthesis process.
How is benzene prepared from ethyne?
Benzene can be prepared from ethyne through a process called electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this process, ethyne reacts with a strong acid catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid to form benzene. The high temperature required for this reaction causes the triple bond in ethyne to break and the resulting carbons bond to form a benzene ring.
How is benzene manufactured from crude oil?
Benzene is a natural part of crude oil along with hundreds of other chemicals. Benzene forms about 1% or less of crude oil. In the oil "cracking process" and related processing at the refinery various parts of chemicals from the crude oil can be recombined to form additional benzene.
How could you separate a mixture of H₂O and benzene?
One way to separate a mixture of water and benzene is through a process called distillation. Since benzene has a lower boiling point than water, the mixture can be heated to a temperature at which benzene evaporates but water remains a liquid. The vaporized benzene can then be collected and condensed back into a liquid form, effectively separating the two components.
What is the function of sulphuric acid in the nitration of benzene?
Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the nitration of benzene by protonating the nitric acid, which generates a more reactive electrophile (NO2+). This electrophile then attacks the benzene ring to introduce the nitro group during the nitration process.
What is sulfonation?
A sulfone contain the structure S(=O)2-R' where R' is an organic group.
What is the chemical formula of detergent from soda ash and Alkyl benzene sulphonic acid?
The chemical formula of detergent made from soda ash (sodium carbonate) and alkyl benzene sulfonic acid typically involves a combination of these two components to form a surfactant molecule. The exact formula would depend on the specific alkyl chain length and structure of the alkyl benzene sulfonic acid used in the synthesis process.
What are the chemicals of making sulphonic acid?
You react oil with Sulphur Trioxide via falling film reactor or react oil with Oleum (very strong Sulphuric Acid) in a CSTR reactor. The name of the process is Sulphonation or Sulfonation depending on English or American spelling style.
Deferent between benzene and petroleum benzene?
Benzene is a specific chemical compound with the formula C6H6, while petroleum benzene refers to benzene that is derived from crude oil during the refining process. Petroleum benzene may contain impurities and other hydrocarbons not present in pure benzene.
How is benzene prepared from ethyne?
Benzene can be prepared from ethyne through a process called electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this process, ethyne reacts with a strong acid catalyst such as concentrated sulfuric acid to form benzene. The high temperature required for this reaction causes the triple bond in ethyne to break and the resulting carbons bond to form a benzene ring.
What is the result when benzene gets ignited and undergoes the Baeyer's test?
Benzene is flammable so when it is ignited fire will be produced and then black soot will appear. When benzene undergoes Baeyer's test, the process is slow but it will turn brown.
What is oxidation of benzene?
Oxidation of benzene involves the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen from benzene molecules. This process typically leads to the formation of products with more oxygen-containing functional groups, such as phenol or benzoic acid. Oxidation of benzene can be catalyzed by various reagents or conditions, such as nitric acid or metal catalysts.
How is benzene manufactured from crude oil?
Benzene is a natural part of crude oil along with hundreds of other chemicals. Benzene forms about 1% or less of crude oil. In the oil "cracking process" and related processing at the refinery various parts of chemicals from the crude oil can be recombined to form additional benzene.
How could you separate a mixture of H₂O and benzene?
One way to separate a mixture of water and benzene is through a process called distillation. Since benzene has a lower boiling point than water, the mixture can be heated to a temperature at which benzene evaporates but water remains a liquid. The vaporized benzene can then be collected and condensed back into a liquid form, effectively separating the two components.
Catalytic hydrogenation of benzene produces what?
The catalytic hydrogenation of benzene typically produces cyclohexane by adding hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst like platinum or palladium. This process involves breaking the double bonds of benzene and saturating them with hydrogen atoms.
What is the function of sulphuric acid in the nitration of benzene?
Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the nitration of benzene by protonating the nitric acid, which generates a more reactive electrophile (NO2+). This electrophile then attacks the benzene ring to introduce the nitro group during the nitration process.
Where do Benzene and Toluene come from?
Benzene and toluene are both aromatic hydrocarbons that can be derived from petroleum sources. They are commonly found in crude oil and can be separated during the refining process. Benzene and toluene are important industrial chemicals used in various applications such as the production of plastics, solvents, and fuels.
