The reaction is:
H2SO3 + 2 NaOH = Na2SO3 + 2 H2O
H2C4H204 + 2NaOH = 2H2O + Na2C4H20
just tried it. a dash of reagent grade fumaric acid was covered in janator strength non detergent ammonia. no observable reaction....
Fumaric acid is dried in an oven at a relatively low heat - below 130 degrees centigrade - to evaporate any water that might be left over from formation. If it is heated above 130 degrees, the fumaric acid starts to decompose and form maleic acid, maleic anhydride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The acid may be dried for a number of reasons. Commercially because water has weight but no value, it is cheaper to transport completely dry fumaric acid. Water may also cause unwanted reactions with other chemicals which the fumaric acid is eventually added to. Removing the water then removes the reactions.
Tartaric acid is found in many plants, e.g., grapes; this natural acid is chiefly the dextrorotatory d-tartaric acid, called also d-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid or l-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid. This form can be partially converted to the others by heating it with an aqueous alkali, e.g., potassium hydroxide. Tartaric acids can be synthesized from maleic acids or fumaric acids by reaction with aqueous potassium permanganate. Source: http://www.bartleby.com/65/ta/tartaric.html tartaric acid is found in tamarind and unripened grapes
There are many foods with fumaric acid in, some which you might not expect! There is a list below. It is also known as E297, and acts as a buffering agent to stop foods spoiling, so its also sort of a preservative. Fumaric acid is non-hygroscopic, which means that it won't dry out the product. It can be used in bread if the dough is being machine kneaded. And its also REALLY sour (so only a little will go in)! A selection of foods you can find fumaric acid in: * Sourdough bread * English muffins * Chewing gum * Sour sugar candy * Tortillas * Fruit juices * Powdered beverage mixes
trans-butenedioic acid,C4H4O4 also called fumaric acid
Maleic acid and fumaric acid are cis-trans isomers of each other.
John Jacob Kessler has written: 'The nitrile of fumaric acid' -- subject(s): Fumaric acid, Nitriles
Fumaric acid being the trans isomer will have the least stearic hindrance as the carboxylic acid groups will be on the different sides of the double bonds-hence causing the least electronic repulsion. Fumaric acid will be more stable as compared to maleic acid.
just tried it. a dash of reagent grade fumaric acid was covered in janator strength non detergent ammonia. no observable reaction....
trans-HO2CCH=CHCO2H or C4H4O4
yes
Yes. Yes it would
Fumaric acid is dried in an oven at a relatively low heat - below 130 degrees centigrade - to evaporate any water that might be left over from formation. If it is heated above 130 degrees, the fumaric acid starts to decompose and form maleic acid, maleic anhydride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The acid may be dried for a number of reasons. Commercially because water has weight but no value, it is cheaper to transport completely dry fumaric acid. Water may also cause unwanted reactions with other chemicals which the fumaric acid is eventually added to. Removing the water then removes the reactions.
An aspartase is an enzyme which catalyzes the deamination of aspartic acid to fumaric acid and ammonia.
Tartaric acid is found in many plants, e.g., grapes; this natural acid is chiefly the dextrorotatory d-tartaric acid, called also d-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid or l-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid. This form can be partially converted to the others by heating it with an aqueous alkali, e.g., potassium hydroxide. Tartaric acids can be synthesized from maleic acids or fumaric acids by reaction with aqueous potassium permanganate. Source: http://www.bartleby.com/65/ta/tartaric.html tartaric acid is found in tamarind and unripened grapes
1. Maleic anhydride is hydrated. This produces maleic acid. 2. Maleic acid is isomerised in the presence of a catalyst. 3. Fumaric acid is produced. Easy as that! (Except the temperature and pressure have to be kept controlled throughout)
There are many foods with fumaric acid in, some which you might not expect! There is a list below. It is also known as E297, and acts as a buffering agent to stop foods spoiling, so its also sort of a preservative. Fumaric acid is non-hygroscopic, which means that it won't dry out the product. It can be used in bread if the dough is being machine kneaded. And its also REALLY sour (so only a little will go in)! A selection of foods you can find fumaric acid in: * Sourdough bread * English muffins * Chewing gum * Sour sugar candy * Tortillas * Fruit juices * Powdered beverage mixes